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By the time students finish this chapter they should be able to:

Knowledge Objectives

Describe the function and relationship among the following parts of the circulatory system:
- Pump (heart) (p 271)
- Pipes (blood vessels) (p 271)
- Fluid (blood) (p 271)
Describe how and where to locate a patient’s pulse. (pp 271-272)
Explain how shock is caused by pump failure, pipe failure, and fluid loss. (pp 272-273)
List three types of shock caused by pipe failure. (p 273)
List signs and symptoms of shock. (p 273)
Describe the general treatment for shock. (pp 273-274)
Describe the treatment for shock caused by pump failure. (p 275)
Describe the treatment for shock caused by pipe failure. (pp 275-276)
Describe the treatment for shock caused by fluid loss. (p 276)
Explain how to control external blood loss. (pp 276-281)
Describe the indications for use of a tourniquet.(p 278)
Describe how to use the femoral and brachial artery pressure points to control bleeding. (pp 279-281)
List the four types of soft-tissue injuries. (pp 282-284)
Discuss the treatment of avulsions and amputations. (pp 283-284)
Describe the principles of treatment for open soft-tissue injuries. (p 283)
Explain the functions of dressings and bandages. (pp 284-285)
Explain the relationship between standard precautions and soft-tissue injuries. (p 286)
Discuss the emergency medical care for patients with the following injuries:
- Face and scalp wounds (p 288)
- Nosebleeds (p 288)
- Eye injuries (pp 288-289)
- Neck wounds (p 289)
- Chest and back wounds (pp 289-290)
- Impaled objects (p 290)
- Closed abdominal wounds (p 291)
- Open abdominal wounds (pp 291-292)
- Genital wounds (p 292)
- Extremity wounds (p 292)
- Gunshot wounds (pp 292-293)
- Bites (p 293)
Describe how the seriousness of a burn is related to the depth of the burn. (p 293)
Describe how the seriousness of a burn is related to the extent of the burn. (p 294)
Describe the signs, symptoms, possible complications, and treatment associated with each of the following types of burns:
- Thermal (p 295)
- Respiratory (p 295)
- Chemical (p 296)
- Electrical (p 296)

Explain the concept of multi-system trauma and how it affects your assessment and treatment. (p 297)

Skills Objectives

Demonstrate how and where to locate a patient’s pulse. (pp 271-272)
Demonstrate the general treatment for shock. (pp 274-275)
Demonstrate the treatment for shock caused by pump failure. (p 275)
Demonstrate the treatment for shock caused by pipe failure. (pp 275-276)
Demonstrate the treatment for shock caused by fluid loss. (p 276)
Demonstrate how to use the femoral and brachial pressure points to control blood loss. (pp 279-281)
Demonstrate treatment of avulsions and amputations. (pp 283-284)
Demonstrate treatment of soft-tissue injuries. (pp 283-286)
Demonstrate the emergency medical care for patients with the following injuries:
- Face and scalp wounds (p 288)
- Nosebleeds (p 288)
- Eye injuries (pp 288-289)
- Neck wounds (p 289)
- Chest and back wounds (pp 289-290)
- Impaled objects (p 290)
- Closed abdominal wounds (p 291)
- Open abdominal wounds (pp 291-292)
- Genital wounds (p 292)
- Extremity wounds (p 292)
- Gunshot wounds (pp 292-293)
- Bites (p 293)
Demonstrate treatment of the following types of burns:
- Thermal (p 295)
- Respiratory (p 295)
- Chemical (p 296)
- Electrical (p 296)